Boulder County Latino History
Boulder County Latino History
Teaching Our Stories
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  • Challenging Racism, Increasing Inclusion, 1945-1965

Challenging Racism, Increasing Inclusion, 1945-1965

This set explores how veterans and others challenged racist practices, increasing internationalism or inclusion of Latinos, and the search for a positive identity.

Full Text PDF: Chapter 5: Work, Wars, and Confronting Racism, 1940-1965

4th Grade students prepare Mexican lunch, 1965

February 17, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Biography of Lloyd and Sally (Salazar) Martinez

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Doris Gonzalez Clip #1

February 5, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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New Spanish teacher at the 3rd Grade level, 1958

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Oral History, Alex Gonzales, pt 2

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Oral History, Alex Gonzales, pt. 3

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Oral History, Secundino Herrera, pt. 2

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Transcript, interview, Mary Gonzales Tafoya, p. 2

February 4, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Virginia Maestas, Clip #3

February 11, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Virginia Maestas, Clip #4

February 5, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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“White Trade Only” sign like the ones found in Boulder County during 1930s-late 1950s

February 11, 2016 / Mary Ellen Graziani /

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Historian Comments

The period between the mid-1940s and the mid-1960s saw significant shifts in each of the three towns with respect to racist practices, the level of Latino inclusion, and efforts to define an identity. In Longmont, veterans led attacks on overt discrimination: they tore down “White Trade Only” signs in restaurants, bars, and pool halls and obtained surprising assistance from the police in forcing such businesses to serve them. Boulder’s cultural horizons were expanded by the arrival of Latino G.I.s and the introduction of Spanish language classes and a more international approach in the elementary schools. At the same time, some Boulder young people struggled with how to define themselves relative to their own heritage and the prevailing Anglo world. Lafayette’s Latinos enjoyed increased social integration into community, educational, and church organizations.

Teaching Boulder County Latino History is an extension of the Boulder County Latino History Project. This site provides resources for those interested in teaching Boulder County Latino History. The teaching resources are grounded in the books written by CU Boulder’s Distinguished Professor Marjorie McIntosh.

There are three central components to this site. The Lesson Database provides lessons for K-12 teachers. Each lesson uses primary sources and is grounded in the books by Prof. McIntosh. Beyond the curated lessons teachers are encouraged to explore the Primary Source Sets and access the full text of Prof. McIntosh’s books. The book outlines link lesson plans and primary sources to each chapter. Teachers and students are welcome to download all or parts of the books to support their learning.

Our Work

Lesson Topics

Businesses Celebrations/ ceremonies Children Civil rights activity Culture/ identity issues Deportation Education/ schools Employment, manufacturing/ unskilled Employment, professional/ skilled Families Farm work/ agriculture/ ranching Food/ cooking Government/ government programs/ laws Health/ medicine/ healing Houses/ living places Immigration Interviews done in 2013 Labor unions/ strikes Languages (Spanish and English) Mexico/ Mexicans Migrant workers Mining Music/ dancing/ art/ recreation Neighborhoods New Mexico/ New Mexicans Organizations/ clubs Police/ Sheriffs/ I.C.E. officials Political or community participation Quantitative information Racism/ discrimination/ segregation Religion/ churches Soldiers/ wars/ veterans Sports/ outdoor activities Transportation/ cars University of Colorado/ college students Women Work done by women and children

© 2023 Boulder County Latino History

CU School of Education

CU Office for Outreach and Engagement/ University of Colorado Boulder

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